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Self Monitoring Your Blood Sugar

Establishing the habit of checking your blood sugar levels.

When you have diabetes, it’s important for you to closely self monitor your blood sugar levels. That means checking your blood sugar often, especially if you’re just starting on insulin.

You and your doctor will decide how often you should check your blood sugar. Many people with diabetes check:

1.    In the morning on an empty stomach—called your fasting plasma (blood) glucose, or FPG level. It works best if you haven’t had anything to eat in at least 8 hours.
2.    After you eat—called your postprandial plasma (blood) glucose, or PPG level. This test is usually taken 2 hours after you eat. It measures how much your blood sugar level has spiked or risen because of the food you ate.

It’s important to check your blood sugar often, especially if you are new to insulin therapy to prevent low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). Low blood sugar can happen if you take too much insulin, don’t eat enough food or are more active than usual. Symptoms of low blood sugar can include shakiness, dizziness, or sweating. It’s especially important to check your blood sugar if you feel symptoms of low blood sugar.

Another important number to know is your A1C level. Unlike your FPG and PPG numbers, which show how your blood sugar levels are doing on a day-to-day basis, your A1C number shows how you’ve done over the past 2 to 3 months.  Your doctor can give you an A1C test. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends an A1C level of less than 7%. Together with FPG and PPG numbers, your A1C numbers can give your doctor a good idea of how your treatment plan is working for you.

You will hear about these tests and numbers often while you treat diabetes. Because everyone is different, you and your doctor will decide on your individual blood sugar goals. It’s important to get in the habit of checking your blood sugar often as directed by your doctor. This will help you and your doctor see patterns in your blood sugar levels.  An easy way to remember your levels is to write them down in a blood sugar diary. You can print out a free Blood Sugar Diary by clicking here to begin self monitoring your blood sugar.